{"id":7263,"date":"2020-12-21T05:12:09","date_gmt":"2020-12-21T05:12:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/203.153.38.3\/?page_id=7263"},"modified":"2020-12-23T08:36:10","modified_gmt":"2020-12-23T08:36:10","slug":"reclamation-of-degraded-land-biological-physical","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/?page_id=7263","title":{"rendered":"RECLAMATION OF DEGRADED LAND: BIOLOGICAL & PHYSICAL"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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RECLAMATION OF DEGRADED LAND: BIOLOGICAL & PHYSICAL<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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BIOLOGICAL & PHYSICAL<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
The total degraded land in the JCF, as estimated by CMPDIL in 1986, was 6,294 hectares, details of which are given below.<\/span><\/h5>
  1. Subsided area\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 :3,497\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
  2. Minefire area\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 :1,732\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
  3. External Spoil Dumps\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0:641\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
  4. Old abandoned pits \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0:434\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li><\/ol>
    Biological reclamation of degraded mining land by way of plantation was the first effort of BCCL towards tackling land degradation. Large-scale afforestation programme was started by BCCL since 1986.<\/span><\/h5>
    BIOLOGICAL RECLAMATION<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
    \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 In the last 16 years BCCL has reclaimed 3460 hectares of degraded land through biological reclamation. The type wise land reclaimed are:<\/span><\/h5>
    • Subsided area \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0:1998\u00a0\u00a0 hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
    • Minefire area\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 :615\u00a0\u00a0 hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
    • Overburden dumps\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 :556\u00a0 hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
    • Other areas \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0:291\u00a0\u00a0 hectares<\/span><\/h5><\/li><\/ul>
      \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biological reclamation has been carried out mostly by large-scale plantation on subsided land, surface areas affected by fires and OB dumps, and\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 so also in colonies and along the coalfield roads.<\/span><\/h5>
      \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BCCL has planted more than 1.40 crores trees till date.<\/span><\/h5>
      \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The plantation is done departmentally as well as through State Forest Deptts. of Bihar\/ Jharkhand, and that of West Bengal.<\/span><\/h5>
      \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Technical collaboration\/ advice from experts of Jadavpur University, State Forest Department and other expert organisations is being sought\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0regularly.<\/span><\/h5>
      \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The tree plantation done during the last 17 years is given below:<\/span><\/h5>
      Year\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 No .of saplings planted (lakhs)<\/span><\/h5>
      1992-93 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a08.00<\/span><\/h5>
      1993-94\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a010.00<\/span><\/h5>
      1994-95 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.00<\/span><\/h5>
      1995-96 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a00.86<\/span><\/h5>
      1996-97 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.92<\/span><\/h5>
      1997-98 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a06.94<\/span><\/h5>
      1998-99\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.20 (Dept.)<\/span><\/h5>
      1999-2000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.40 (Dept.)<\/span><\/h5>
      2000-01\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.47<\/span><\/h5>
      2001-02\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.20<\/span><\/h5>
      2002-03\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 6.95 (EMSC scheme)<\/span><\/h5>
      2003-04\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.06 (Dept.)<\/span><\/h5>
      2004-05\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.13 (Dept.)<\/span><\/h5>
      2005-06\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.16<\/span><\/h5>
      2006-07\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2.00<\/span><\/h5>
      2007-08\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.10 (Dept)<\/span><\/h5>
      2008-2009\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.12\u00a0 (Deptt.)<\/span><\/h5>
      2009-2010\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 0.12 (Deptt.)<\/span><\/h5>
      Species planted : Chakundi, Peltoforum, Teak, Accacia, Gamhar, Subabool, Karanj, Neem, Bakain, Seesam, Bargad, Arjun, Siris, Jamun, Kathal, Anar, Shariffa, etc.<\/span><\/h5>
      Development of Nursery:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
      \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Two captive nurseries with a capacity of 2 lakhs saplings per year in Jagjiwan Nagar and Koyla Nagar have been established to cater to the\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0needs of the saplings to be planted in different Areas and Hqrs.<\/span><\/h5>
      \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Technical collaboration\/ advice from experts of Jadavpur University, State Forest Department and other expert organisations is being sought.<\/span><\/h5>
      Success stories of\u00a0 Biological reclamation<\/span><\/h5>
      (i) Successful reclamation of fire areas are<\/span><\/h5>
      • Sendra Bansjora \u2013 Heavy green belt created<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
      • Gopalichack of PB Area \u2013 Successful plantation over reclaimed fire area<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
      • Lodna Area (behind Bhaga\u00a0 club)<\/span><\/h5><\/li><\/ul>
        (ii)\u00a0 OB Dumps<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Successful plantation carried under adverse soil conditions with low nutrition value of OB dumps are Bhowrah, Kusunda, Ena, Sijua, Muraidih,\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Chanch_Victoria etc.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Levelling, sloping, dressing done and soil added in pits before plantation.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selective species planted: Chakundi, Peltroforum, Acacia, Sisam, Teak, Gamhar, Bargad, Jack fruit etc.<\/span><\/h5>
        (iii)\u00a0 Mined Out Areas<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Very successful reclamation of mined out areas carried out in Jhunkunder OCP and part of\u00a0 Damagoria (Chaptoria).<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Heavy green belts created with mixed plantation.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ponds developed with fisheries.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ecological park\/ picnic spot developed.<\/span><\/h5>
        (iv)\u00a0 Subsided areas<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Successful tree plantation carried out in subsided areas at Kustore, Bera, Chandmari, Bhalgora, Jealgora, Gaslitand, Katras, Govindpur, Putki-\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bulihari etc.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mixed species planted.<\/span><\/h5>
        SCHEMES FOR RECLAMATION OF DEGRADED LAND IN BCCL<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        METHODOLOGY<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        The scheme includes physical and bio-reclamation of OB dumps, reclaimed fire areas and subsided areas. The sites have been selected where there are no immediate plans for the mining the underlying, seams and subsided areas.<\/span><\/h5>
        During the first year, the preliminary jobs of survey demarcation, trenching etc. is done. Subsequently, nursery raising and soil conservation work is done. Further, the plantation work is done for the month of July-August after which weeding and hoeing is done during the 1st year. Constant protection\/ guarding be provided by the Forest Department for maintaining these plantation area. Further weeding and hoeing and protection including replacement of casualties is done during the 2nd and 3rd years.<\/span><\/h5>
        Tree species :\u00a0\u00a0 The trees planted depend on the availability of seeds, saplings and the local conditions. Since the areas are mostly difficult areas with low quality of soil and conditions, the species selected are hardy type and based on our earlier experience of plantation in these areas. Fruit plants like guave, jamun, bel sharifa, jackfruil etc. are also preferred wherever the soil conditions are favourable.<\/span><\/h5>
        The main tree species proposed to be planted are :<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cassia siamea ( Chakundi )<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dalbergia sisoo ( Sisem)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gmelina arberea ( Gamhar )<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Peltrophorum Ferrugineum (Peltroforum)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pongamia pinnate (Karanj)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Acacia Arabica (Acacia)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Albizzia lebeck (Siris)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mehazedarach (Bakain)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Shorea rubusta (Sal)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Azadarichta indica(Neem)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Leucaena leucocephala (Babool)<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tectona grandosa (Teak) etc.<\/span><\/h5>
        DETAILS OF PLANTATION DONE BY FOREST DEPARMENT IN 79 HA OF LAND\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (2005-06)<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        Sl.<\/span><\/h5>
        No.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Location<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Area<\/span><\/h5>
        in ha.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        No of Plants<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Type of Land<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        1.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        KARKENDH<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        25<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        62500<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Overburden and surrounding Levelled Land<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        2.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        MAHESH PUR<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        06<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        15000<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Levelled Land<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        3.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        KHARKHAREE<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        14<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        35000<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Levelled Land<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        4.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        CHAITUDIH<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        22<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        55000<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Levelled Land<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        5.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        NEW ASHKINAREE<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        12<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        30000<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Levelled Land<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        \u00a0<\/td>
        TOTAL<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        79<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        197500<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        		\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
        NEW PROPOSAL OF PLANTATION TO BE DONE BY FOREST DEPARMENT IN 137.40 HA OF DEGRADED LAND<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        Sl.<\/span><\/h5>
        No.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Location\/Area<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Area<\/span><\/h5>
        in ha.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        No of Plants<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Type of Land<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        1.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        BARORA<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        41.50<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        103750<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Overburden<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        2.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        BLOCK-II<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        5.40<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        13500<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Overburden<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        3.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        KATRAS<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        45.00<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        112500<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Overburden<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        4.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        KUSUNDA<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        10.50<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        26250<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Overburden<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        8.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        BASTACOLLA<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        20.50<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        51250<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Overburden<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        10.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        CV<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        14.50<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        36250<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Overburden<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        \u00a0<\/td>
        TOTAL<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        137.40<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        343750<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        		\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
        Follwing species wise plantation out of above plantation has been proposed to be done<\/span><\/h5>
        SPECIES<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        %<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        BAMBOO TREES<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00a0<\/h5>
        AWLA TREES<\/span><\/h5>
        KATAHAL<\/span><\/h5>
        MANGO<\/span><\/h5>
        JAMUN<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        20%<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00a0<\/h5>
        30%<\/span><\/h5>
        30%<\/span><\/h5>
        10%<\/span><\/h5>
        10%<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
        CSR ACTIVITIES :<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>
        CMD BCCL is keen on the issue of improvement of environment and\u00a0 surrounding social life . The year 2010-11 has been declared as an year of \u201cEnvironment and Plantation\u201d.<\/span><\/h5>
        Plantation<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>
        A plan has been chalked out to do plantation where the coal up to the combined seam has been fully exploited . These areas have been identified and to be planted with commercial trees in association with district forest officer.<\/span><\/h5>
        The underground coal mining has been planned for the expoitation of coal below the combined seam with an aim for\u00a0 reducing the land requirement and minimising environmental pollution.<\/span><\/h5>
        For the plantation in villages in the non-coal bearing area ,\u00a0 involment of society is being explored with the help of divisional forest officer under the social forestery schemes.<\/span><\/h5>
        Development of Nursery<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        During the year 2010-11 there is programme for developing 15000 saplings mainly of fruit bearing type at Koylanager Nursery. Further there is proposal for developing 1 lakhs saplings at Koylanager Nursery is under process of approval.<\/span><\/h5>
        Species of saplings (15000 nos)\u00a0 are as under :<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        SL. NO<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Name of Saplings<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        No. Of\u00a0 Sapling<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        1.<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Guava<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        1500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        2<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Papya<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        1500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        3<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Sarifa<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        1000<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        4<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Kathal<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        5<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Awala<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        1500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        6<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Kaju<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        7<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Anar<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        1000<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        8<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Mango<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        2000<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        9<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Bel<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        10<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Jamun<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        11<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Sahajan<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        12<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Lemon<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        750<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        13<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Arjun<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        14<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Siris<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        15<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Chakundi<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        16<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Ashok<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        250<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        17<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Gulmohar<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        250<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        18<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Sagawan<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        250<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        19<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Gambhar<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        250<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        20<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Sisam<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        250<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        21<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        Karanj<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        500<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
        \u00a0<\/td>
        Total<\/span><\/h5><\/td>
        15000<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
        16000 SAPLINGS HAVE BEEN PREPARED AND 11000 SAPLINGS HAVE BEEN DISTRIBUTED TILL OCT-10 .<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>
        MINE CLOSURE & RECLAMATION :<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>
        In command area of BCCL , there are about 40 Coal horizons out of that 18 number are workable. Only upper seam Coal horizons have been extracted and lower Coal horizons are still virgin or being developed in the major part of the Jharia Coalfield. It is not possible to restore the excavated land until the entire workable Coal horizons are extracted.<\/span><\/h5>
        Mine closer guideline issued by MoC in Nov-09 is being followed . Provision of mine closure plan with the details of Corpus fund is being made in the project reports \/ EMP prepared by CMPDI, RI- II and submitted to MoEF for final approval and clearance.<\/span><\/h5>
        RESTORATION OF CLOSED JHUNKUNDAR OPEN CAST MINE<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Jhunkundar closed mine is located in Chanch-Victoria Area of BCCL.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This mine was closed in 1998.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The mining lease area is 72.27 Ha. with 61.09 Ha. of surface rights.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The mined out quarry ( 26.71 Ha. ) is submerged with 104 million gallons of water and has formed a water Reservoir.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BCCL is supplying water for domestic purpose from this late to surrounding villagers and BCCL employees.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This water filed quarry also acts as a \u201c Rain Water Harvesting Structure\u201d which helps in recharging the ground water table.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pisciculture (fish) by local villagers is done here.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The surrounding area (32 Ha.) of the quarry is planted with dense trees (about 80,000 trees) by BCCL.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The site has been restored to a natural eco-system.<\/span><\/h5>
        FIRE & SUBSIDENCE CONTROL MEASURES<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        Fires are as old as the mining in Jharia Coalfield. Coal is prone to spontaneous heating particularly in this coal field. Unfortunately the condition had been created by the previous entrepreneurs through unscientific mining, which resulted in the fires.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7 First fire occurred in 1916 at Bhowrah.\u00a0 With no worthwhile precaution taken, the number of fires kept on increasing and by 60\u2019s these had spread over the entire JCF.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7 Mostly good quality upper seams (above V\/VI\/VII\/VIII combined seam) had been affected by fires.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7 At present there are total\u00a0 67 fire sites have been identified which are affecting 41 collieries of BCCL.<\/span><\/h5>
        DEALING WITH FIRES, SUBSIDENCE AND REHABILITATION<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        Efforts Made In The Past<\/span><\/h5>
        i)\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 FIRE CONTROL<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        BCCL prepared 22 nos of Project reports and one advanced action proposal from\u00a0 1976 to 1988 for dealing with the fires. These reports were sanctioned by the competent authority for an envisaged total expenditure of Rs 114.57 crores.<\/span><\/h5>
        Massive efforts were made in the implementation of 22 fire projects by the application of the best available technology such as Digging, Trenching, Dozing, Blanketting with non-combustible material, Sand flushing, Inert gas injection, Water pooling, Isolation stoppings, Mutti capping, Surface sealing, Addition of top soil, Hydraulic sand stowing and Remote sand-bentonite mixture flushing etc. Besides, stabilisation work was carried out to save Railway lines, jores and other areas which were accessible.<\/span><\/h5>
        Over 22 million cubic metres of blanketting work was carried out and more than 50 million tonnes of sand stowed below ground. Approximately 3 million cubic metres of nitrogen gas has been flushed below the ground to control the fires, concurrently about 10 million tonnes of coal were saved from blazing fires. A large number of HEMM such as shovel, dozer, tippers and compactors were deployed for carrying out fire fighting operations.<\/span><\/h5>
        A sum of Rs 75.0 crores approximately have been incurred in the fire fighting measures against these approved fire reports so far.<\/span><\/h5>
        However, in those area which are occupied by unauthorised persons and heavily built up over old, pre-nationalisation workings, with danger of possible subsidence and not approachable from underground side, it has been difficult to carry out stabilisation and fire abatement work.<\/span><\/h5>
        This has resulted in :<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Liquidating 10 fires completely<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Released over approx. 400 million tonnes of coal, of which approx. 180 million tonnes valued at Rs.8000 crores were saved from total destruction.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Controlled rest of the fires from causing total devastation.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reduced\u00a0 the total surface area affected by fires from 17.00 sq.km. (assessed in 1986) to 9 sq.km. i.e. 48% reduction in fire area. Asper the recent (2206) TIR survey by NRSA, Hyderabad the surface fire area is about 3.0 sqkm only.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reduced blockage of coal to 1453 million tonnes against original 1864 million tonnes.<\/span><\/h5>
        ii)\u00a0 SUBSIDENCE CONTROL:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        Over the years BCCL has been making continuous efforts to control\u00a0 the subsidence in all the vulnerable areas, to the extent\u00a0 practicable and possible. Some of the important locations where measures have been taken to control subsidence are as under:<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Subsidence control by sand stowing.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jore Bed Stabilisation to prevent accidental flooding due to subsidence.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Shifting of people from endangered areas to non-coal bearing areas.<\/span><\/h5>
        Major Work Done For Preventing \/Controlling Subsidence In BCCL<\/span><\/h5>
        (A) Subsidence Control In Fire Areas By Blind Flushing<\/span><\/h5>
        1. Phularitand Fire X, XI, XII & XIII Seams<\/span><\/h5>
        2. Industry-Kusunda Fire XI To XIV Seams and Kari Jore<\/span><\/h5>
        3. Bhalgora Fire Stabilisation of 2 Pit, Simlabahal<\/span><\/h5>
        4. Lodna Fire to protect Dhanbad Sindri Road and Dhanbad Patherdih Railway Line<\/span><\/h5>
        5. Kendwadih 6 & 7 Pits XIII, XIV seams fire<\/span><\/h5>
        6. Stabilisation Of 1 Pit Shaft Pillar At Amlabad\u00a0 (XIV seam fire)<\/span><\/h5>
        (B) Jore Bed Stabilisation For Preventing Accidental Flooding<\/span><\/h5>
        1. Kari Jore bed stabilisation at Industry Colliery.<\/span><\/h5>
        2. Katri River bed stabilisation in Katras Area<\/span><\/h5>
        3. Sendra Nalla At Mudidih\/Kankanee<\/span><\/h5>
        4. Ekra Jore At Loyabad, Bansdeopur, Bassuriya, Sendra Bansjora,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gopalichak<\/span><\/h5>
        5. Chatkari Jore at Kujama, Joyrampur, North Tisra<\/span><\/h5>
        6. Dungri Jore at Bhowra South<\/span><\/h5>
        iii) WORLD BANK STUDY<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>
        A. ASSISTED JHARIA MINE FIRE CONTROL TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE \u00a0PROJECT (IDA CREDIT NO.2450-IN)<\/span><\/h5>
        Under the assistance of US $ 12.0 million from the World Bank the Jharia Mine Fire Technical Assistance Project was taken up by BCCL for carrying out the diagnostic study for dealing with fires and preparation of Environmental Management Plan. Two international consultants : GAI-METCHEM Joint venture and Norwest Mine Services Ltd. were engaged for Fire Fighting Programme and Environment Management Plan respectively. The consultants started the work in 1994 and completed their study in March 1996. These consultants used the state-of-art technology and modern scientific tools and methods for the evaluation of the problems and projections of the possible mitigating measures.<\/span><\/h5>
        The consultants for preparation of Fire Fighting Programme has submitted the report in November 1996.<\/span><\/h5>
        B. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        The report by the Environmental Consultants relating to socio-economic study, air quality, water management, water quality monitoring and mine reclamation was submitted in January 97. The major findings\/recommendations are given below:<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Thermal Power Plants, Diesel generators and Coke manufacturing lead to significant air quality concerns. The contribution of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) emission by mining is only 6% as against 31% by traffic, 8% by power plants and 37% by coking and briquetting.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The water quality in the coalfields is diverse. The mine water is treatable to be fit for domestic use.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The pollution load in the Damodar River by the coalfield is estimated to be only 15%, the rest being contribution from upstream, power plants etc.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Construction of small reservoirs to the north of the coalfields across the nallas\/ streams has been suggested. These would act as water reservoirs for domestic and commercial use.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The present programme of biological reclamation of OB dumps, subsidence areas quarries and fire areas to be continued.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Community involvement should be initiated for protection of existing plantation and to encourage social forestry.<\/span><\/h5>
        Efforts \/ Activity under implementation at present<\/span><\/h5>
        MASTER PLAN FOR DEALING WITH FIRES, SUBSIDENCE AND REHABILITATION IN BCCL (March-2008)<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
        BACKGROUND<\/span><\/h5>
        The Standing Sub-committee of SSRC on Environment and Ecology directed CMPDI in its XVI th meeting held at CIL, Calcutta on 30.06.98 to prepare a Master Plan for dealing with the problems of fire, subsidence and rehabilitation in the leasehold of BCCL, considering the fire control measures, areas to be stabilized, areas requiring rehabilitation including the phased requirement of funds for the same. Accordingly, report entitled \u201cMaster Plan for dealing with fire. Subsidence and Rehabilitation in the Leasehold of BCCL\u201d was submitted in March \u201999.<\/span><\/h5>
        PIL Case regarding Shifting of People from endangered areas:<\/span><\/h5>
        A PIL case was filed by Sri Haradhan Roy, Ex-MP in 1997 with a prayer for order of initiation of immediate steps for control of fire and subsidence in BCCL and ECL and rehabilitation of affected persons within a specified time frame. Subsequently, it was ordered that an Action Plan should be prepared for dealing with fire, subsidence and rehabilitation of the people from the affected areas of Jharia Coalfield and Raniganj Coalfield. As an out come of writ petition (Civil) No. 387\/97 filed by Sri Haradhan Roy, EX-MP in 1997, an Action Plan for shifting and rehabilitation, dealing with fire and stabilization of unstable areas was prepared in April \u201903. This Action Plan was prepared based on Master Plan\u201999.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Action Plan was sent to state Govt. of Jharkhand and West Bengal as well as to Ministry Labour\/ DGMS for their comments and acceptance.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Action Plan was finalized in July \u201903 incorporating the decisions of State Govt. & DGMS.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Supreme Court of India appointed Director General of Mines safety to go through the Action Plan and file a report in the court.<\/span><\/h5>
        \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DGMS constituted a committee and submitted its report in Aug\u201905. One of the observations of the committee was:<\/span><\/h5>
        \u201cAs there is no scientific method available to check long-term stability of the site stabilised by sand stowing, it might not be possible to certify that the areas thus stabilised. The present stabilization work may restrict the effect of subsidence and allow some time. The final and permanent solution is evacuation of the affected area and rehabilitation\u201d.<\/span><\/h5>
        • The updated Master Plan was approved by BCCL and CIL Board in July 04 and submitted to MOC for approval.<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
        • Planning commission accorded \u201cIn Principal\u201d approval of the Master Plan in March 2005.<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
        • MOC directed that : In view of the DGMS Committees\u2019 observation all the areas where stabilization through hydraulic stowing was proposed now have to be considered for total re-settlement, and the execution of Master Plan should be tried to be completed within a period of 10 years (excluding 2 years pre-implementation).<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
        • Accordingly, the Master Plan was revised in July\u20192006.<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
        • This Master Plan is cost-updated in March, 2008 by CMPDIL.<\/span><\/h5><\/li><\/ul>
          Master plan has been approved by Govt. of India and communicated vide letter no-22020\/1\/2005-CRC dated 12-08-09 of MoC. (hyperlink with existing page on web approval of Master Plan)<\/span><\/h5>
          Benefits to people on implementation of this Master Plan<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (1) No more subsidence will occur in future as it has happened in Kusunda, Kujama, Kendua and Basdeopur<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (2) Due to increase in coking coal production the closed coke ovens will be opened and this will generate 250000 jobs for the unemployed.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (3) Driver, auto electrician, fitter jobs will be generated indirectly in BCCL, due to this, the economy of Dhanbad and surrounding villages will become vibrant and people will flourish.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (4) IT sector will be promoted in and around new townships.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (5) This will stop migration of unemployed youth to other states as vast employment opportunities directly and indirectly are going to be generated once this plan is implemented.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (6) All infrastructure like roads, railway lines and civic amenities etc. will be provided in the Rehabilitation towns.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (7) Additional ring roads will be constructed, re-construction, strengthening and widening of existing roads will be done. There will be no more traffic jams.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (8) Training for livelihood will be done for nurses, technicians, artisans etc.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (9) The new townships that are going to be constructed by reputed companies will have good quality of life.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (10) After fire control, the coal field area will be reclaimed back to green belt with ponds, parks etc. and reused for people.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (11) This will also benefit to the country due to saving import of coking coal which is a big burden on the country now.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr>
          (12) Clean environment, free from pollution will be the future scenario.<\/span><\/h5><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
          Present\u00a0\u00a0 Status\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0\u00a0 Fire Dealing<\/span><\/h5>
          Thermal Infra Red Survey : Coarse resolution survey for demarcating surface fire boundaries has been completed by National Remote Sensing Agency(NRS), Hyderabad in 2006 at a cost of Rs. 11.10 lakh.<\/span><\/h5>
          Preparation and implementation of fire schemes: Status is as below:<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
          • 19 Fire projects- \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ongoing\/Under\u00a0 implementation taken \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0as\u00a0 advance action by excavation me<\/span><\/h5><\/li>
          • 3 Fire Project\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Under Preparation for FY 2010-11<\/span><\/h5><\/li><\/ul>
            NEW FIRE SCHEMES UNDER PREPARATION AT CMPDI , RI-II<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>
            1. Scheme for dealing with fire at North Tisra South Tisra , Jeenagora and Joyrampur coliiery.`<\/span><\/h5>
            2. Scheme for dealing with fire at Kujama and GOCP.<\/span><\/h5>
            3. Scheme for dealing with fire at Ena colliery.<\/span><\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5><\/div>
            \u00a0<\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5><\/div><\/div>
            \u00a0<\/h5>
            \u00a0<\/h5><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            RECLAMATION OF DEGRADED LAND: BIOLOGICAL & PHYSICAL BIOLOGICAL & PHYSICAL The total degraded land in the JCF, as estimated by CMPDIL in 1986, was 6,294 hectares, details of which are given below. Subsided area\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 :3,497\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0hectares Minefire area\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 :1,732\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0hectares […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6768,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7263"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7263"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8205,"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7263\/revisions\/8205"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6768"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bcclweb.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}